Drilling-machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)4

P. H. RICHARDS.

DRILLING MACHINE. v No. 404,364. Patented May 28, 1889.

UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFCE.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO ECKLEY B. COXE, OF DRIFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

DRlLLlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,364, dated May 28, 1889.

Application filed December 6, 1888. Serial No. 292,843. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State f of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drilling Machines, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to multiple drillingro machines, the object being to furnish an upright d rillin g-machine of that class especially adapted for simultaneously drilling' a series of holes in pipe and valve flanges and in other parts of the same class, in which the holes are I5 in close proximity to each other; and also to provide for the convenient replacement of one set of drills, together with their driving-spindles, by another set adjusted for the drilling of holes differently arranged.

2o In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure lis a side elevation, partially in section, of a drillingmachine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the parts immediately below line a a, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the parts immediately below line b l), Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front view ofthe parts to the left hand or rear of line c cin Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the driving-plate 3o and certain other details. Fig. 6 is avertical section, showing the construction of the drillspindle and of its socket 'and driving-crank.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the iigures.

The frame-work of my improved drillingmachine consists of some suitable column, A, Which carries the drilling mechanism, and has devices for supporting the table T, on which to place the pieces to be drilled. These de- 40 vices consist, as shown in the drawings, of a projecting arm, B, Which inclasps the cylindrical part C of said column A, and is bored to receive the stem 2 of said table T. This is an ordinary means for supporting the revolving table of an upright drilling-machine, and need not be further described. On the table T the valve-body V, or other article whose llange 3 is to be drilled, is set and secured, if necessary, by some means not shown.

5o That part of the frame-work above the cylindrical portion B of the column is provided with bearings for the several driving and feed shafts, and has on the front thereof a vertical way, 5, in Which'is a T-slot, 6, forthe heads of bolts 7, which bolts hold in place on said Way the vertically-adj ustable head H, that carries the drilling devices proper. These devices or mechanism consist of the princi-pal slide S, (operated by feed mechanism hereinafter described), the crank-shaft 10, Fig. 5, 6o journaled in said slide, and having a crank, 12, that carries the driving-plate 15; the flan ge or plate 14, rigidly lixed on said slide and carrying the jig-plate 16, Fig. 1, and drill-spindles carried by said jig-plate and provided with cranks whereby the drills are actuated by said driving-plate. The said driving-plate 15 is or may be retained in place on the driving-crank 12, Fig. 5, by a Washer, 11, secured thereto by a screw, 13. The jig-plate is sup- 7o ported below the driving-plate by suspensionrods 17 18 19, which are or may be secured to each plate by nuts, substantially as shown. To resist the tendency of the jig-plate 16 to rotate by reason of the gyratory movement of 7.5 the driving-plate 15, said jig plate is constructed with an arm, 20, Fig. 3, which enters and slides vertically in the aforesaid slot G, thereby effectually overcoming the said tendency of the drill-carrying plate 14. This re- 8o sult thus obtained relieves the slide S of the rotatory tension under which it would other- Wise be during its vertical movement in head H while u sing the machine. For it Will be remembered that in ordinary upright drills 8 5 (shown in prior Letters Patent) in which the drill is carried in a drill-spindle in place of spindle S, the said torsional tendency is resisted by a spline on slide S, which spline answers to the sides of the rack 25, shown on 9o said slide in this case.

Owing to the number of drills employed in my improved machine, their distance from the axis of shaft 10, and the mode of applying powerftliereto, said rotative tendency is much greater in this machine than in the ordinary drill-press, so vthat in the present case there is especialneed of the additional means describedfor resisting said rotative effect.

The construction of the drill-spindles and Ico of their sockets and cranks is shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. (i. The tubular socket 24C is screwed into the jig-plate 1G against a shoulder at 23, and the bore thereoil is enlarged at the lowerI end to receive the enlarged portion 2l of the spindle 22. By this construction shoulders 2G and 27 are provided in the socket an d on the spindle, respectively, to sustain the pressure of the drills, a Babbitt-metal or other washer, 28, being usually placed between them to reduce the wear. At its upper end the spindle is threaded at 29 andpointed at 3l. to screw into the crank 30, as well shown in the drawings. The point 3l, striking against the upper end of the bore in the hub ot said crank, determines the relative position of the parts, the thread 2.() being formed inthe proper direction therefor and to be screwed into the crank by the resistance of the drill. One side ofthe crankhub may be slotted, as at 34, and avclampscrew, 35, provided to close the hub iirmly onto the spindle. By .means of this peculiar construction great 4strength and lfirmness are obtained with a spindle relatively very small as compared with the drills and spindles used in ordinary practice; and this result is important in this machine, because the machine is especially designedv for simultaneously drilling comparatively large holes in close proximity to each other, so that the smallest size of' spindle consistent with sui'iicient streilgth and firmness is an important desid eratum. It is found to be impracticable in practice (and largely because of the unavoidable springing of the parts) to construct the parts so accurately that the crank-pins of the cranks 3() will run properly in the respective bearings in the driving-plate, and one part of my improvements relates to means for 0bviatin g the necessity for such accuracy, wh ich means are pointed out in claim 5. By constructing the machine to impart a positive gyratory movement to the Vdriving-plate of about the same radius of movement as said drill-cranks, and by making the bearing-holes 37 larger than the rollers on the crank-pins 32 of said cranks, these rollers (or the crankpins, if no rollers are employed) during the operation of the machine roll around within the bearing, and thus drive the crank without any cramping thereof. rlhe drill-crank turns within the roller as a journal within. a properly-fitted bearing, while the roller ,itself rolls within the bearing-surface as a rolleron a track, and any slight discrepancies in the proper dimensions of the parts are neutralized or overcome in eiiect by the freedom of the crank and its roller to advance or recede in respect tothe said bearing-surface, accordingly as the radial distance from the, drillsocket axis to the center of said bearing may change during the said gyratory motion of the driving-plate.

The jig-plate is a changeable part of the machine, and it is contemplated to use suc- Cessively several of them in the same ma- .rollers thereon, if rollers are so used) by an amount greater than suchirregularity or misalignment. In practice, also, something is allowed for the unavoidable springing of the driving mechanism and of the holding devices. The rollers by rollingwithin said bores impart to the drill-cranks a variable rotary motion, whereby all the cranks are simultaneousl y rotated without crampin g. The d riving-plate being not only a driving-plate, but also an evener, as set forth, has its own motion modiiied by the cranks it drives. The normal movement of said plate, were the driving-plate holes to accuratelycorrespond with those of the jig-plate, would be a simple gyratory motion; but in practice this movement is slightly rotary forward, and backward by reason oi' the unavoidableirregularity of said holes, and also by reason of the springing of the various parts while the machine is at work.

For the purpose of unscrewing the spindle 22 fromits driving-crank $0, I make one or more notches, 3S, in the projecting lower end of said spindle for a spanner-wrench. The

' drills 40 are atlixed in the enlarged part 2l of the spindle by a similarl mode of construction, whereby the spindle is connected to the crank, except that no clamp is used. In this case, however, I bore the spindle at 4l the full size ot' the drill-shank, then Yform the drivingthread 42, and next above this the reduced bore at 43. This peculiar construction furnishes a iirm and strong connection with a much shorter drill-shank than is considered necessary in drilli11g-machines as heretofore constructed.

The enlarged part j-L-lof the drill-socket 24.-, it will be observed, reaches down nearly to the lower end of the spindle 22, so that said spindle is firmly supported laterally against any deflection due to the well-known wabbling action of the drill when starting a hole in an uncentered surface. This construction requires a mode of afixing the drill in the spindle substantially such as described, whereby the drill may be inserted and rcmoved without access to the shank thereoi:I

through the side of the spindle, asin the common practice, and these several features together form a very effective con'lbination for the purposes of my present invention.

For actuating the driving crank-shaft l0, Fig. 5, (which I provide with the usual collar, etti, above slide 8,) I cont inne said shaft upward through and spline the saine into the hub 7, Fig. i, ol the gear 4S, that is carried in bear- IOO IIO

ing 54 on the main frame. This gear 4S meshes with the gear 50 on the driving-shaft 00, which is carried in bearings 5l 52 and provided with the driving-pulley 55.

For feeding the drills to their work I employ a feed mechanism as follows: A pinionshaft, 56, Fig. 2, journaled in the head H, carries a pinion, 57, which meshes with the rack 25 on slide S, and has a worm-wheel, 5S, that meshes with and is driven by the worm 59, Fig. l, on the shaft 62, which shaft is carried in the bearings 6l and G3, formed on said head H, and is turned by hand-power by means of the hand-wheel 69, fixed thereon. The shaft G2 is hollow and carries thereon, rearward of bearing G3, a continuously-driven friction-wheel, G4, and. the sliding frictiondisk 65 splined to said shaft, in awell-known manner. (Not shown.) A nut, G6, affixed to the said disk, is operated by a screw, 67, which extends through said shaft 62, and is provided with the hand-wheel G8, whereby to engage an d disengage said friction-disk. The wheel G4is a worm-wheel and meshes with the long worin-shaft 70, which is carried in bearings 7l 72 on the column A and stands parallel to the aforesaid way 5, on which the head H slides. Consequently, as that head is moved up or down the wheel G4 rolls in mesh with said worm as a gear rolls in mesh with a rack. Power is communicated to wormshaft 7 0 from a worm, 74, Fig. l, on shaft GO, through connecting shafts and gearing, which includes change-gearing, whereby to vary as required the speed of the feed-motion. For this purpose two horizontal shafts, 75 76, Fig. 4, may be employed, both journaled in the frame-work, the one shaft, 7 5, being=driven from worm 74 by worm-wheel 77, while the other shaft, 7 G, is connected to drive the worm-shaft by means of the gears 7 S and 7 9. The change-wheels consist of a set of spur-wheels, of which the terminal gears of the set are removably fixed on the said shafts 75 and 76. These spur-Wheels are placed one, the driving-gear 80, on shaft 75; another, the driven gear 8l, on shaft 76,and the intermediate gear, S2, on the stud S3, which is adjustably fixed in the adjustably-fixed slotted arm 84, Fig. l, that is carried on the hub on the frame A. (See Fig. 4.) y means of this organization of feed mechanism power is communicated in a reliable manner to the slide S on the movable head, and the slide S is driven down firmly and steadily, as required, where so many drills are operating at the same time.

In preparing this machine to drill an y particular piece in which a series of holes are to be drilled, it is of course necessary to provide a jig-plate and a driver-plate having a corresponding set of holes. This being done the operation of using the machine is then substantially similar to that of using the ordinary forlns of upright drilling-machines.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In a drilling-machine, the combination of the vertical column having a way for a movable head, a movable head onl said way, a spindle-slide Working in said head and carrying thereon the drilling-head having the jig-plate carrying the drills, and means, substantially as described, for rotating' the drills, said jig-plate being constructed to engage with and be guided by said way, all substantially as-described.

2. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a frame-work having' a Vertical way, the

head adjustable on said way and carrying the driving-spindle slide, the horizontal feedshaft carried in bearings on said head, gearin g, substantially as d escribed, connecting said shaft with said slide, and the vertical wormshaft 70, supported parallel to said way and operating said feed-shaft through a worlnwheel thereon, all substantially as described.

3. In a drilling-machine, the combination of a frame-work having a vertical way, the head adjustable on said way and carrying the driving -spindle slide, the horizontal feedshaft carried in bearings on said head, gearing operatively connecting said feed-shaft and slide, the vertical worm-shaft 7 O, parallel to said way and operating said feed-shaft through a wheel thereon, the driving-shaft 60, and a system of connecting-shafts and gearing, substantially as described, actuating said worm-shaft from said shaft GO, said system comprising change-wheels whereby to vary the feed movement of said slide, all substantially as described.

4. In the feed mechanism of a drilling-machine, the combination, with the frame-work carrying the driving-shaft 60 and having the projecting fixed hub 85, of the worm-shaft 70, shaft 7 G, geared to said worm-shaft, shaft 75, driven by worm-wheel 77 from worm 74 on shaft 60, arm S4, carried on said hub and carrying stud 83, and the change-Wheels 80, 81, and 82, connecting said shafts 75 and 76, all substantially as shown and described.

5. In a drilling-machine of the class specified, the combination of the changeable jigplate bored, substantially as set forth, to receive the drill-sockets, the drill-sockets carried by said plate in said bores and carrying drill-spindles provided with cranks, the driving-spindle having a crank, and the drivingplate carried on said driving-crank and bored to recgive the crank-pins of said drill-cranks, said driving-plate being bored larger than said crank-pins, thereby serving as a driverI and also as an evener, to accommodate the irregularity and misalignment of the holes in said jig-plate with those of the driver, all substantially as described, and for the purpose specified. 4

6. In a drilling-machine, the combination of the d rivin g-spindle 10, having a crank, the driving-plate carried on said crank, the jig- IOO IIO

plate 16, the drill-sockets 24 set in said jigplate, the drill-spindles 22, carried in said sockets, cranks 30 on said spindles, and operativcly connected to be driven by said driving-plate, the spindle l0 being carried in a slide, and the jig-plate being supported by connections with said slide, substanth lly as described.

7. In a drilling-machine, the combination of the tubular socket 24, externally enlarged at its lower end and having its bore enlarged Within said external enlargement, the spindle 22, fitting said bore and the enlargement thereof, the upper end of said enlargement furnishing a shoulder to resist the pressure of drilling, and the enlarged lower end of the socket furnishing a guide for the spindle against lateral movement, substantially' as described.

8. In a drilling-machine, the combination of the socket 2i, the drill-spindle having the screw-thread 29, and the crank 30, Iitting said thread and bearing on sai-d socket and adapted to be screwed against the end oi the spindle, substantially as shown and d cscribed.

El. The combination of socket 24, spindle 22, having thread 29, and the crank 30, fitting said spindle and thread, and having slot 34 and clamp screw 35, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the socket 24, enlarged at its lower end, substantially as described, the spindle 22, having the enlargenient 2l, and the drill 40, fitting a socket within said enlargement 2]., substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

ll. In a drilling-machine, the combination of the vertically-movable spindle-slide provided with connections adapted to carry the jig-plate, the j ig-plate carrying the crank-provided drills and supported from said slide, the dri ving crank-spindle carried in said slide, and the driving-plate carried on said crank between said slide and j ig-plate and engagin to drive said drill-cranks, all substantially as described.

FRANCIS Il. RICHARDS.

Titnessesz HENRY L. RECKARD, SMIL. W. PoWEL 

